It handles the rest of startup as well as memory, peripherals, and input/output (I/O) requests from software, translating them into data-processing instructions for the central processing unit. On most systems, the kernel is one of the first programs loaded on startup (after the bootloader). CPU & cache usage, file systems, and network sockets. I/O, memory, Cryptography) via device drivers, arbitrates conflicts between processes concerning such resources, and optimizes the utilization of common resources e.g. A full kernel controls all hardware resources (e.g.
It is the 'portion of the operating system code that is always resident in memory', and facilitates interactions between hardware and software components. The kernel is a computer program at the core of a computer's operating system and has complete control over everything in the system. A kernel connects the application software to the hardware of a computer
